The cargo sampling robot is based on comprehensive application of intelligent mobile and flexible multi-joint robotics, visual recognition and other technologies. The robot can realize the sampling of nucleic acid on the surface of goods in customs, border checkpoints, freight yards, cold chain logistics, ports and other places. It can help realize the automation of cargo sampling, avoid the risk of cross infection caused by close contact between staff and cargo, enable standardization, and effectively ensure the accuracy of nucleic acid sampling.